下面是文案网小编分享的英语四级备考必看—评分标准作文 文案,以供大家学习参考。
英语四级备考必看—评分标准作文 文案:
英语四级考试作文评分标准
一、作文评分标准
1.本题满分为15分。
2.阅卷标准共分五等:2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷1至2份。
3.阅卷人员根据阅卷标准,对照样卷评分,若认为与某一分数(如8分)相似,即定为该分数(即8分);若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数,则可加1分(即9分)或减1分(即7分)。但不得加或减半分。
4.评分标准:2分—条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。
5分—基本切题。表达思路不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分—基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。
11分—切题。表达思路清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。
14分—切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。
二、 作文的种类
若从作文体裁划分,英文作文有议论文(Argumentative Composition)、记叙文(Narrative Composition)、描写文(Descriptive Composition)和说明文(Expositive Composition),等等。四、六级作文最常见的是前两种。但若从考试的题型来看,则包括以下几种:
1、提纲式作文
用英文或中文给出提纲(outline),要求按提纲写作,目前来说,这种提纲经常是以三段的形式给出,又称三段式作文,这是四级考试的主要形式。如:1993年6月大学英语四级作文题。
2、图表式作文
包括表格式作文。这类作文要求考生用简洁、生动的语言把图中所提供的信息准确、完整地表达出来。这类作文在四级考试中只是偶然才会出现。如:1991年6月四级考试的作文题。
3、情景式作文
用中文或英文给出一个情景,让你自己去说明或评论。这类作文多见于六级和TOEFL考试之中。例:有些发明如电灯、火车、电机等,对人类极为重要。请再举一个你认为重要的发明事例,并说明你为什么认为它重要?
三、 写作的方法(这里只谈四级中出现最多的提纲式)——提纲式(三段式)作文(以考场中占绝大多数的议论文写法为主)
(一)抛开句子的构成、段落的展开、各类文体作文的写作技巧等理论不说,单就实用的原则来看,写四级作文应注意的主要方面有五:1.切题2.干净3.减少错误4.开门见山5.闪光点。
1.切题。拿到作文试卷后的第一件事就是———审题。作文不跑题,这似乎已是老生常谈,但要完全做到,也并非像有些考生想象的那般轻而易举。例如:Benefits of Sports(运动的好处)自然应该写运动的好处。但有些考生在列举了一系列运动的优点之后,又写道:“运动固然好处很多,但也应避免运动的过量,否则,过量的运动还是有害的。它可以使人过度疲劳,损害心肌,拉伤大腿,等等。”
殊不知,这样写着写着,不知不觉中已跑题了。本文要求你写运动的“好处”。至于其“副作用”或“坏处”,根本不应在文章的讨论范围之内。
又如:有的考生写“How university graduates find work”一文,竟写成了自己喜欢什么样的工作。这样一来,你词汇量再大,语法知识再好,也只能是“南辕北辙”了。假如把文章的重点放在“如何”一词上,就算抓住了要害。比如如何去面试,如何写自我简介,如何进行自我包装和推销,等等。由此看来,切题一事,绝不可掉以轻心。
2.干净。干净本不应列在作文的五项注意事项之内,但大家不要忘记,作文是人改的,人是有情感的。自然是喜欢干净讨厌潦草肮脏。阅卷人员每人每天要批改上百份试卷。试想你的作文如果潦草不清,成片涂改,他们会费力地去辨别甚至猜想你的本意吗?因此,作文干不干净已不再是一个战术性小事,而成了一个战略性问题。
记住,把你的作文写得干净整齐就等于向阅卷人员发送一个信息———“老师,我尊重你的辛勤劳动!”这对自己作文的得分,不是很有帮助吗?
3.减少错误。写作过程中碰到自己不会写或拿不准的词或句型,是写还是不写?
我们的看法是,尽可能不写,可以采取避开或用别的替代的方法,英语中叫做“play safe”。
四级作文万一写不太高明,那也首先要保证减少错误:尽量让你的作文做到无懈可击!
例如:About Hong Kong①The Present State②Hong Kong s Past③Its Future
让我们以第一段香港的“现状”为例来看一下:
Hong Kong is in the South of is a beautiful and prosperous people are brave and position is unique and its economy is call it“the pearl in the east”.
其中,当你写到prosperous,diligent,unique,booming等词的时候,若是拿不准,怎么办呢?
这时,脑子要学会急转弯,可以用busy,hardˉworking,special,甚至good来替代。尽管busy并不能完全代表prosperous的意思,但是,车水马龙、热闹繁忙的景象,还是可以基本上表达出来的。
需要指出的是,“play safe”这一招并不意味着我们不必下苦功去记一些必要的、十分基本的词汇,有些词的使用率很高,比如computer,environment,efficiency等,是避不开的。还有的考生上了考场,连modern,society,pollution,甚至benefit这类词都拼写不准,那就不能不给人一个基本功太差的印象。
4.开门见山。5.闪光点。
这两个术语是什么意思呢?
让我们看一看“Good Health”这篇作文。①Importance of good health②Ways to keep fit.③My own practices.
先看第一段“好身体的重要性”,有的考生写道:“With the rapid development of our economy,with the improvement of our living standard,with more and more people s realization of the importance of good health,now people are attaching greater importance to their health.”“随着经济的飞速发展,随着人民生活的改善,随着大家对健康的重要性的了解,…”不要忘记,四级作文总共才要你写百十来个字,你一开头
就罗罗嗦嗦说了三四十个字,还没有说到正题上,多么不得要领。切记,好的作文应该单刀直入,直截了当。不要兜圈子,绕弯子,第一句话最好就采用“topic sentence”,点明主题,重点突出———这叫“开门见山”。
因此,我们上来就应该写:
“Good health is important to everyone.”
“开门见山”之后,也就是旗帜鲜明地亮出自己的观点之后,下面我们应该用事例来支持自己的观点,这些事例,就叫做“闪光点”,如果事例很多,还可以采用“First”,“Second”,“Third”这类的排列方法。
有的考生会说,写议论文先端出论点,再给出论据,这我知道,但是,有时候我想不起来事实或例子来支持自己的结论怎么办?
这时,有两个相当重要的词汇大家应该铭记在心———“with”和“without”,尤其是后一个,议论文中几乎可以算是一把开启各式门锁的“万能钥匙”。如:Good health is very important to it,we can study hard;We can serve the country;We can do everything as we t good health,everybody knows,we will fail to do things;We can twork efficiently;We may stay in hospital;We ll become a
burden of our family,etc.
记住,with、without不是在说废话,而是在用“正证法”和“反证法”来论述事情。我们再看第二段“保持健康的方法”。
In my opinion,there are two ways for me to keep ,we must eat a balanced is to say—we must eat not only eggs,fish,meat but also some vegetables and fruit s eating,drinking clean water is also get addicted to drinking the so-called“soft drinks”.Second,exercising is a vital part of our daily can do some running in the morning and play football in the afternoon.
至于第三段,“我的实践”,有的考生会问:“写点什么呢?”不要忘记,第二段中提到“吃”与“锻炼”是保持健康的最佳途径,那么,第三段还写“吃”与“锻练”———我自己是怎么做的,不就行了吗?还有人会说:“我以前做得不好,那我就写自己的决心和保证吧!”
“From today on,I will...;I will...;”或者“I plan to do it as follows...”那叫“我的实践”吗?
顶多算是“我的希望”或“我的计划”。这样写就跑题了。可见,切题不仅是指全文,三段中的每一段也存在是否切题这样一个问题。有的考生这样写第三段,就基本上可以说是达到要求了:
As a university student,I pay much attention to my physical exerciser.I do some swimming in Summer and some skating in Winter,I often play badminton and tennis.I m also careful with my a word,keeping healthy is not very hard if you just take it seriously.
(二)有人可能会问:知道了这几项原则,上了考场我为什么还是写不出来呢?这就牵涉到英文作文的两大考试目的了。
英文作文到底要考大家什么?我们认为,主要考查你的两大方面———思路表达与英文水平。
有的考生一拿到作文题常常会抓耳挠腮,不知道该写些什么,肚里空空如也,这叫做:“没有思路”;也有的人,思路倒有,只是“英文水平”较低;当然,更有一些人“思路”没有,“英文”也不怎么样,要拿高分,其难度就可想而知了。下面,我们分别来谈谈“思路”与“英文”这两件事。
大家知道,到了考场上,作文的第一件事是———思路。有些人,没有思路,只好随心所欲,信手写去,写着写着,自己也不知道写到哪里了。这种作文,难道会条理清楚?难道会中心突出?又怎么能做到干净整洁,不乱涂乱画?因此,拿到作文后的第一件事就是要审题并列出一个提纲。这就好比家中要待客先列出一份菜单一样。菜单列好后,按单去把菜买好,这就叫“素材”,再炒好端上桌,就叫“英文表达”了。
没有菜单,再高明的作家也会“巧妇难为无米之炊”的。列“菜单”,即作文的提纲不必过长,寥寥数语,中、英文皆可。万一上了考场没有稿纸,把准考证翻过来,只言片语可矣!
例如作文“Electricity and Our Daily Life”.①Electricity is essential in our daily life.②If there were no electricity,...③Therefore,...
【Outline】
①电的用途:提供动力\/照明\/日常生活。②假如没有电:生产\/生活,都会受到影响。③因此,我们要节约用电。
Electricity is essential in our daily runs the machines in factories;It starts the vehicles and light the streets and it,we can watch TV,listen to the tape recorder,cook meals or store food in the a word,it helps us a lot in our daily life.
If there were no electricity,all the machines would stop night,it would be very would have to wash our clothes with our ts would use oil lamps to do their would live as our ancestors did centuries ago.
Therefore,electricity is very important to life cannot go on without it,not to mention the construction of our country is short of electricity,now. So,everybody should try to save it.
(三)提纲列出之后,下一步就是用比较标准的英文将你想要说的意思表达出来,这就需要有较好的英文基本功底:包括单词、句子结构、语法、词组等等。下面,大家先看两篇作文,其思路还算清晰,文章比较切题,层次也很合理,但是,单就其语言文字方面,有哪些主要问题呢?【例】 Traffic in Big Cities
c has become a social problem in big cities. way to solve this problem is...
r way is...
Traffic has become a social problem in big cities. Of course,have a car is a good thing,but if every person own a car,the streets will became too crowded. So,traffic jams occurred during the rush hours and accidents happened more often.
One way to solve this problem is develop public transportation example,we should buy more buses and we should built more roads,especially round-the-city roads And underground trains is also a good solution. Another way is to reduce the big city s population.
Our country population control is a wise and necessary big city people reduce,traffic will less crowded.
第一句抄起始句,无问题。第二句,作者想说:“有车是件好事。”于是就采取了汉语的表达方式:“have a car is a good thing”,但英文就大错特错了。须知,英文的主语一般只能是四部分组成:名词(含代词)、动名词ving、动词不定式to及句子。动词have是万万不能当主语的。所以,至少应改为“having”。接下来,every person那动词own自然应该加“s”了。streets will后面动词用原形become,第三行so大写“s”,Traffic Jams occurred and accidents happened.动词完全不需要用过去式,那样,就给人以一种:“事情已过去了,现在已经不堵车,也没有交通事故了”的印象。所以,切记,议论文中使用过去式
一定要合理,不要滥用。
第二段“One way to solve this problem is to develop...”才行。一般来说,每句话只应有一个谓语动词(并列时当成一个看),所以,有了“is”,“develop”必须消掉(消动词有三招,to v,ving,ved过去分词)。We should build...,And应小写。underground trains is...主谓语不协调或改为trains are,或改为train is,后者更好些,因为此处不是在查数,而是在讲一种情况:“地铁”这种形式,是一个好办法。
末一段可改为:
Our country s population control is a wise and necessary the number of the people in big cities is reduced,traffic will become less crowded.
综上所述,一篇英文要想写得很地道,起码应注意以下几个方面:
①主语是上述四部分之一吗?
②谓语动词是一个吗?(每句话一个,从句也算一句话)这个动词时态、语态、语气正确吗?若是在shall,will,must,may,can等情态或助动词后,用原形了吗?除了这个谓语之外的其它动词消掉了吗?(叫做动词的非谓语形式)
③主语与谓语一致吗?
④及物动词或介词后,使用宾语的形式了吗?(主、系表除外)
⑤定语或状语的位置放的合理吗?
⑥从句的引导词使用恰当吗?
⑦单词有没有拼写错误?
(四)现在,我们已经知道了作文大体上怎样写:
①审题并列出提纲(约5分钟)
②开始写:(1)切题(2)干净(3)少犯错误(4)开门见山(5)闪光点(约20分钟)
③交卷前检查(1)拼写错误(2)语法错误等(约5分钟)
英语四级备考必看—评分标准作文 文案:
四级作文评分原则、标准及样文
一、作文评分原则
1. CET-4作文题采用总体评分方法(Global Scoring)。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(Reward Scores),而不按语言点的错误数目扣分。
2. 从内容和语言对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是个统一体。作文应表达作文题目所规定的内容,而内容通过语言来表达。要考虑作文是否切题,是否充分表达思想,还要考虑是否用英语清楚地表达思想,也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。
二、评分标准
1. 本题满分为15分。
2. 阅卷标准通常分为五等:2分、5分、8分、11分和14分。
3. 阅卷人员根据阅卷标准,对照样卷评分,若认为与某一分数(如8分)相似,即定为该分数(即8分);若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数,则可加一分(即9分)或减一分(即7分),但不得加减半分。
4. 评分标准:
2分——条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。
5分——基本切题。表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分——基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。
11分——切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。
14分——切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。
注:白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想,则给0分。
5. 字数不够120个,应酌情扣分,具体标准:
累计字数在110~119之间,扣1分;
累计字数在100~109之间,扣2分;
累计字数在90~99之间,扣3分;
累计字数在80~89之间,扣4分;
累计字数在70~79之间,扣7分;
累计字数69,扣9分。
注:如题目给出主题句,祈使句,结束句,均不得计入所写字数;
只写一段者:0-4分;只写两段者:0-9分(指规定三段的作文)。
三、四级真题作文评分范文与错误范例
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at Least 120 words following the outline given below:
1. 名校校园正成为旅游新热点
2. 校园是否应对游客开放,人们看法不同
3. 我认为……
实例1:14分
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
In recent years, there is an ever-rising fever that many famous university campuses have become popular tourist attractions, especially such renowned universities as Tsing Hua University and Peking University. Many tourists prefer traveling around the university campus, consequently, thousands of people throng into campuses every year.
With respect to the present situation, our prime concern is: Should the university campus be open to tourist as scenic spots? Different people hold different opinions. Some people believe that we can benefit a lot from campus tour. The opening of campus will stimulate the tourist industry, so the university can make money from the campus tourism. Young tourists can also take a close look at the university which they are longing for and may have a better understanding of this university.
Others argue that the university campus shouldn’t be open to tourists since the easier access to campus will lead to some accidents or safety problems which will interfere in students’ life and ruin the academic atmosphere of the university.
In my point of view, I don’t think that the university campus should be open to tourists since after all it is a place mainly for education. In order to create a tranquil and safe atmosphere for university teachers and students, the university campus should be closed to tourist.
评语:这篇作文归为第一档,因为其符合“切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好。基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错”的标准。这篇范文紧扣提纲给出的要点进行写作。首先,在第一段当中,先简单描述了名校校园正成为旅游新热点的这一社会现象,然后引出对这一现象的思考,第二、三段则针对人们持有的两种截然不同的观点进行了阐述,并简单明了地分析了两种观点产生的原因。最后阐述自己对这一问题的看法。除了最后一段中“the university campus should be closed to tourist”这句中 “tourist”应该改为复数“tourists”之外,总体上来看,其表达用词方面上几乎没有什么错误,而且相当不错了。
实例2:11分
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
Nowadays, while tourism developing at a great speed, university campuses are coming into people’s sight. More and more tourists pour into famous universities due to their beautiful scenery and academic atmosphere.
People hold different point of views about whether school campuses should be open to tourists. Some people think it should be. “Because universities are the property of everyone, and it’s good for us to walk around and enjoy the atmosphere of learning,” they may say. However, others hold a negative view about this phenomenon. They feel that tourists will disturb the daily life of he students and too many travelers somehow leads to disorder.
In my view, I think tourists may come into the university campus on condition that the number of them is controlled. It’s true that university is our own fortune, and at the same time we should think more for the students who need peace for study.
评语:这篇作文归为第二档, 内容切题,但与上一篇相比,不免有些逊色,主要是语言表达上有些欠缺,有些表达不够清楚,用词也不如上一篇那样精妙。文章第一段写了许多旅游者涌进大学校园这一现象,但在阐述的时候不够具体,如果能像上一篇那样举一两个例子会更好。第二段中开始抓住两种观点进行比较性地阐述,但语言表达上显得比较平淡、生硬,如:“Some people think it should be”,表达不够准确、通顺,可改成“some people hold positive attitude towards it”“universities are the property of everyone, and it’s good for us to walk around and enjoy the atmosphere of learning”可改为“since universities also belong to public property, they can freely go sightseeing and appreciate the atmosphere of learning there”会更好。在最后一段作者陈述自己的观点时,语言罗嗦、重复,并且表达欠妥帖,如:
1) “In my view, I think tourists may come into….”中, “In my view”和 “I think”重复了,可把“I think”去掉。
2) “we should think more for the students who need peace for study”这句中表达不够恰当,可改为“we should try to create a peaceful atmosphere of learning for the students”。
虽然这些错误并不影响读者的理解,文章的字数也符合要求,但是只符合11分档的标准“切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误”。如果上述问题得到纠正,得分肯定会提高一个档次。
实例3:8分
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
Nowadays, most of the universities are open to the public. And the famous universities are gradually becoming the new tourism attractions. So a question arise. Should the university campus be open to tourists? People have different opinions.
Some people think that the university campus symblize the literature of the country. The visit to university campuses can give the tourists a general idea of the literature of the country. But other people think that if the university campus are open to tourists, the peace envirnment for the university students to study will be ruined. University campus is the holy place for studying, So they shouldn’t be open to tourists.
I think both ideas have its own reasons and the best answer to the question is that the university campus can be open to tourists on Saturday and Sunday or limit the amount of the tourists. In this way, not only the tourists can visit the famous university campuses but also won’t the peace environment of the campuses be destroyed.
评语:这篇作文归为第三档,因为它较前两篇相比,还要差一些。尽管文章基本切题,文字勉强连贯,但有些地方表达思想不够清楚,有几处明显的错误,如“symblize”“envirnment”等,这就影响到意思的表达,妨碍读者对文章内容的理解,更影响作者观点的表达;再者,语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。如:
1) “So a question arise.”中存在主谓不一致的问题,应该改为“So a question arises”。
2) “But other people think that if the university campus are open to tourists,…”中也存在相同的问题,可改为“But other people think that if the university campuses are open to tourists,…”。
3) 最后一句中“not only the tourists can visit the famous university campuses but also won’t the peace environment of the campuses be destroyed.”存在严重的语法错误,首先应采用部分倒装,但应该是前面一个分句倒装,而不是后一个,正确的句子是“not only can the tourists visit the famous university campuses but also the peace environment of the campuses won’t be destroyed”。
还有一些该小写的地方却大写了,因此,这篇文章只能放在8分档。
实例4:5分
Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists?
Nowadays university campus become more beautiful and have a lot of scenery. I think it’s a good idea for the university campus being open to tourists.
At first, there is plnty of hard and soft facilities in campus. Tourists may casually make use of it, wherever they in school library, school halls or school resturants. They can fully take advantage of this chance to learn about campus life. Second, if an university campus be open to tourists, it will become popular and have a high reputation. But the key is that many people who at first have no idea of your campus through this visit will know and learn of how is your school. At last, schools always have many empty playgrounds for sporting. I think when it isn’t available to students. Schools may be open to tourists by taking profits.
In shorts, I think it’s will be a good try for the university campus being open to tourists, but is should have a reasonable time-tabal for tourists. Or it will disturb the normal study of students.
评语:这篇作文被定为第四档。首先,它写得不太切题,根据提纲的要求,文章第二部分应该阐述人们对于这一现象所持有的不同观点,而本文在第一段就急不可耐地抛出了自己的观点,然后其余的部分都在解释自己之所以报这种观点的原因,这就使文章偏离了题目的要求,缺少了对比分析两种观点的关键环节。而且,文章表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。如多处的拼写错误,如“plnty”“resturants”“time-tabal”等,以及多处较严重语言错误, 不能表达作者的意图,如“there is plnty of hard and soft facilities in campus”,“but the key is that many people who at first have no idea of your campus through this visit will know and learn of how is your school”,和“At last, schools always have many empty playgrounds for sporting”等。
实例5:2分
In recently, the university campus have been becoming to the new view place which more person are interested in. The famous university in the world take millions of travelers every year and make a lot valou.
People have a lot of opinions for this. Some of them don’t alow it and some other’s opinions are opposite.
In my opinion, I agree with the second view for some reasons. First, It is a economic time in the world. The university should follow the step of the sociation. Second, it can develop university’s applicantace of education. third, It get more chances to the people who work or study in the university. They could get a lot of new thing from the trevalers. At last, student can tough sociation earliy. It can help they adapt to sociation.
Above all is mine.
评语:这篇作文归为第五档。 全文都是文不成句,东拼西凑,没有一个像样的句子,语言错误太多,以至于大部分的句子让人无法理解。因此只达到2分档的标准:条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。
英语四级备考必看—评分标准作文 文案:
全国大学英语四、六级考试作文题评分原则及标准
一、评分原则
1. CET检查考生是否达到大学英语教学大纲规定的四级和六级教学要求,对作文的评判应以此要求为准则。
2.CET作文题采用总体评分(Global Scoring)方法。阅卷人员就总的印象给出奖励分(Award Scores),而不是按语言点的错误数目扣分。
3.从内容和语言两个方面对作文进行综合评判。内容和语言是一个统一体。作文应表达题目所规定的内容,而内容要通过语言来表达。要考虑作文是否切题,是否充分表达思想,也要考虑是否用英语清楚而合适地表达思想,也就是要考虑语言上的错误是否造成理解上的障碍。
4.避免趋中倾向。该给高分的给高分,包括满分;该给低分给低分,包括零分。一名阅卷人员在所评阅的全部作文卷中不应只给中间的几种分数。
5.所发样卷一律不得翻印,严禁出版,一经发现,必予追究。
二、评分标准
1.本题满分为15分
2.阅卷标准共分五等:2分、5分、8分、11分及14分。各有标准样卷一份。
3.阅卷人员根据阅卷标准,对照样卷评分,若认为与某一分数(如 8分)相似,即定为 该分数(即8分);若认为稍优或稍劣于该分数则可加一分(即9分)或减一分(即7分)。但不得加或减半分。
4.评分标准
2分 — 条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子均有错误,且多数为严重错误。
5分 — 基本切题。表达思想不清楚,连贯性差。有较多的严重语言错误。
8分 — 基本切题。有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯;语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。
11分— 切题。表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。
14分— 切题。表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性较好,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。
注:白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想,则给0分。
5.字数不足应酌情扣分:
累计字数 CET-4 110-119 100-109 90-99 80-89 70-79 60-69 50-59 49
CET-6 140-149 130-139 120-129 110-119 100-109 90-99 80-89 79
扣 分 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9
注:1.如题目中给出主题句、起始句、结束句,均不得计入所写字数。
2.规定的内容未写全者,按比例扣分。
3.如果扣为0分,要慎重处理。
2006年12月四级翻译Translation评分原则及标准
1. 整体内容和语言均正确,得1分。
2. 结构正确,但整体意思不确切、信息不全或用词不当,得0.5分。
3. 整体意思正确但语言有错误,得0.5分。
4. 整体意思完全错误,即使结构正确也不得分。
5. 大小写错误及标点符号忽略不计。
87题:
Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to
________________________ (适应不同文化中的生活).
adjust\/adapt to life in a different culture
1分
adapt to the life in the different culture
adapt oneself to life in different kinds of culture
be adapted to the life in different cultures
get used\/be accustomed to life in a different culture
adjust to lives in\/of different cultures
do in Rome as the Romans do
0.5分
adapt themselves to a different culture life (语言错误)
adapt to live in different cultures (语言错误)
adjust to the living in __different culture (语言错误)
survive\/live\/exist\/stay alive\/fit in\/get along in a different culture (意思不确切)
0分
suit\/fit\/suitable the life in a different culture
fix to life between difference countries
adopt to life with different culture
live in different customers
88题:
Since my childhood I have found that ________________________
(没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).
nothing attracts me more than reading\/nothing is more attractive to me than reading
1分
nothing attracts me so much as reading
nothing but\/other than\/except reading can attract me so much
nothing can\/could be so fascinating\/inviting as reading
nothing is more appealing to me than reading books
reading appeals to me more than anything else\/anything
reading is the most attractive (thing) (to\/for me)
there is nothing more attractive\/interesting to me than reading
there is nothing that can be more attractive to me than reading books
there is nothing else that appeals to me more than reading
0.5分
there is nothing but reading that can catch my attention (意思不确切)
nothing was more attractive to me than reading (语言错误)
there is no more attractive thing than reading (意思不确切)
nothing is more interesting than reading (books) for\/to me (意思不确切)
nothing could appeal __ me so much as reading (语言错误)
nothing else attracts me more than books do (意思不确切)
there’s nothing but reading is attractive to me (语言错误)
there has nothing that attracted me more than reading (语言错误)
0分
there is nothing than reading that is attracted me a lot
(意思不确切、语言错误)
nothing __ more interesting than reading book for me (意思不确切、语言错误)
nothing is more attracted to me than study\/studying\/studies
(意思不确切、语言错误)
nothing can contract me more than reading books (整体意思错误)
nothing has impress me more than reading (整体意思错误、语言错误)
89题:
The victim ________________________ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.
would have had a chance of surviving
1分
would have survive
could have been save
would have been able\/likely to survive
would have had a chance to stay alive
might have had chances to survive
could have had an opportunity to be alive
should have had a chance to live (on)
0.5分
would have had ù chance to survive (语言错误)
had the chance to survive
附表:1
合作经营协议书
甲方:
乙方:
经甲乙双方友好协商,就中石油煤层气保德区块地面工程合作经营事宜,自愿达成如下协议,以资信守:
一、合伙宗旨:共同合作、合法经营、利益共享、风险共担。
二、合作经营项目:中石油煤层气保德区块地面建设工程。
三、合作经营地点:山西省保德县。
四、出资金额方式:期限垫付。
1、甲方以现金方式出资200万元;乙方以现金方式出资200万元(主要用于补足前任合伙人撤资款项)。
2、合同签订之日乙方向甲方交付100万元投资款,剩余100万元乙方须在2012年3月31日前全额到位。
3、2012年3月31日前应付前任合伙人撤资的17万利息,双方各承担8.5万元。
4、乙方垫付2012年2月开工前期全部费用。(回款前)
五、股份划分:甲方 % 、 乙方 %。作为确定盈余分配和债务承担的基础。
六、合作期间甲乙双方的出资为双方共有资产,不得随意请求分割。
七、甲乙双方的任何一方原则上不得中途退撤,任何一方在不给合作事务造成不利影响的前提下可以退出,但须经双方协商认可。
八、甲乙双方的分工、权力与义务:
1、甲方为合作项目的负责人,全面负责合作业务的日常经营与管理,重点负责商务活动及工程的回款工作。费用不得超过工程总额的10%。
2、乙方负责合作项目的生产,施工、安全工作。
3、以甲方公司的名义,在保德县与当地银行开设账户,双方各留印鉴、共同管理。乙方负责施工过程中的财务工作,对于涉及财务、账目以及借款、还款、日常投资等资金使用事项在超过 元额度( 元以下的应各自记账留存凭证定期对账),应许甲乙双方协商一致方可进行。同时,甲乙双方都有对财务账目的监督权利。
九、盈余分配与债务承担:
合作双方共同经营,共同合作、共担风险、共负盈亏。
十、合作任一方违反本协议导致合作损失的,应当对另一方承担。
本协议未尽事宜,双方协商解决。
本协议一式 2 份,甲乙方各执一份,经甲乙方签字画押后生效。
甲方: 乙方:
年 月 日 年 月 日
英语四级备考必看—评分标准作文 文案:
四级考试作文高分技巧
大学四级考试写作的评分依据是:文章切切题,条理清楚,语言准确和字数符合要求。所谓切题就是看你写的作文跑不跑题。所谓条理是每一段的议论的正反清楚,描述的时间正确。语言准确要求作文的语法词汇使用正确,符合英语表达习惯。四级作文的字数要求不少于100字。针对四级考试的作文要求我们提出十二句作文法,这里所说的十二句作文法不仅包括一般英文写作的方法而且包括一套行之有效的写作方法。它的具体内容有以下几点。
一审题
我们拿到作文后第一件要做的事就是审题。审题的作用在于使你写作不跑题(如果跑题,条理和语言再好,也得不到及格分,甚至0分。)那末审题要审什么呢?
1.体裁(议论文,说明文,描述文)
审题就是要审作文的题材和体裁。因为什末样的体裁就会用什末样的题材去写。那末体裁包括那些呢?它包括议论文,说明文和描述文。从近些年看,四级作文不是单一的体裁,而是几种体裁的杂合体。例如:
Directions:Forthispart,yourareallowed30minutuldwriteatleast100wordsandyoushouldbaseyourcompositionontheoutline(giveninChinese)below:
做合格大学生的必要性
做合格大学生的必备条件(可以从德智体方面谈)
我计划这样做
很多人说这种类型的作文是议论文。这是片面的,因为,第一段要求写“...必要性”,这说明本段体裁是议论文;第二段要求写“...必备条件”,这说明本段要求写说明文;儿地三段要求写“...这样做”,这说明本段要求写描述文。所以在大多数情形下,四级作文是三种体裁的杂合体。
2.根据不同体裁确定写作方法
我们审题的目的就是根据不同体裁确定不同的写作方法。通过审题,我们可以看出四级作文大都是三段式。如上例第一段为议论体,第二段为说明体,地三段为描述体。而各种文体又不同的写作方式:
议论文;要有论点和论据,而且往往从正反两方面来论述。例如上面第一段的思路是:做合格大学生,会怎末样(这是从正面论述);不能做合格的大学生,会怎么样(从反面论述);所以我们要做合格的大学生(结伦)。
说明文:可以从几方面或几条来说明一个问题,就上作文而言,可以从方面(德智体)来说明合格大学生的必要性。
描述文:一“人”为中心描述一个“做”的过程。与上两段相比,本段的主语多为人称代词,他要与第二段相互应进行描述。
二确定主题句
通过审题,我们知道该如何确定正确的写作思路。下边我们就谈如何些。第一部就是要写主题句。主题句是确保不跑题的前提,只有不跑题才有可得及格分。写主题句嘴保险的方法就是把中文提纲的各句译成英语。例如上述三段主题句分别为:
Itisverynecessarytobeagooduniversitystudent.(议论体的主题句)
Thereareseveralrespectsofnecessitiestobeagooduniversitystudent.(说明体的主题句)
WhatIwilldointhefutureisthefollowing.(描述体主题句)
如果要求句是英语就可以把它变成主题句,例如这样一篇作文:
GoodHealth
Importanceofgoodhealth
Waystokeepfit
Myownpractice
这样的作文的要求句就可以扩充成主题句。扩充后三段的主题句分别为:
Itisveryimportanttohavegoodhealth.(将名词importance变成形容词important)
Therearefourwaystokeepfitforme.(用therebe句型)
Myownpracticesarethefollowing.(采用原词)
n主题句又称主旨句或关键句,是一个段落中最重要的句子,是段落的“纲”。说明段落的中心思想和作者的写作目的,是段落发展的依据。
n段落的每句话都应紧密地联系主题句所表达的中心内容。
n写好主题句是文章成功的关键。
n(commonpracticeofscoringinCET-4)
主题句的构成
nTopicsentence=atopic+acontrollingideaaboutthetopic
n主题句=主题+中心思想
n主题:段落所谈的话题,问题
n中心思想:限定话题的范围,确定话题的发展方向。整个段落都以这个中心思想为依据,围绕它进行。中心思想用关键词(keywords)来表达。
Examples:pleaseidentifythetwoparts
nDevelopingprivatecarsinChinahasmanypositiveaspects.
nKeepingpetsisbeneficialtopeopleinseveralaspects.
nSmokingresultsinaseriesofnegativeeffects.
nThefollowingfactorscontributetosuccess.
nThereasonswhybicyclesaresopopularinChinalieasfollows.
主题句位于段首
n开门见山,点出主题。
ll,weshouldreadasmanyEnglishbooks,,wemaylists,itisnecessay,itisequallyimportanttoformthehabitoftakingnotesandkeepingadiaryinEnglish.
主题句的写法:如何写好
n主题句应尽量清晰明了,简练,用词准确,力求用一句话清楚地表达该段的中心。
nEnvironmentalpollutionisimportant.
nEnvironmentalpollutionisanimportantproblemthatdeservesourspecialattention.
nThemoreIread,themorehungryIfeel.
nThemoreIread,themorehungryIfeelforknowledge.
主题句的写作技巧(1)
n表示人的名词或代词主语的句子
nCollegestudentsshouldtakepartinsocialpracticeandgettoknowtheworld.
nPeopletakepartinrecreationalactivitiesbecauseofseveralreasons.
nWebenefitalotfromdoingparttimejobs.
nYoungpeopletodayarebadlyinfluencedbyTV.
主题句的写作技巧(2)
n表示物的名词做主语的句子
nGoodhealthisimportanttous.
nInformationplaysanindispensableroleinmodernlife.
nDiligenceisakeyfactortosuccess.
nSportsbenefitpeopleinmanyways.
nRecreationalactivitiesfallintotwomajortypes.
主题句的写作技巧(3)
n用动名词短语来表达主题,做主语。
nOwningaprivatecarisveryconvenient.
nKeepingpetscanleadtosomeproblems.
nStudyingabroadbenefitsstudentsinmanyaspects.
主题句的写作技巧(4)
n用“There+be+名词”句型来写主题句。
nThereareseveralreasonswhyweshoulddeveloptheindustryofprivatecars.
nThereareinnumerableadvantagesofkeepingpets.
nTherearediversesolutionstothehousingprobleminbigcities.
nThereareeffectivemeasuresthatwecanadopttodealwiththeissueofrisingcrimerate.
主题句的写作技巧(5)
n用Itis+Adj.+h.句型
nItisbeneficialforcollegestudentstotakepartinvarioussocialactivities.
nItisnecessaryforustogettoknowaboutthesociety.
nItisdesirable\/advisableforyoungpeopletogoabroadtostudy.
StudytheTopicSentences
nOwningacarcanbeverycostly.
nTravelingbyairismoreconvenientthantravelingbytrain.
nComputersplayavarietyofrolesinourlife.
nCollegestudentsdreamofgoingabroadtostudymainlyonaccountofthefollowingthreereasons.
nReadingplaysanimportantroleinlanguagelearning.
nInchoosingacareer,studentsshouldconsidervariousfactors.
三确保文章条理清楚
保证不跑提示写作当中第一任务,第二个重要任务就是要做到条理清楚。对于议论文来说,正反面要清楚,对于说明文来说条理要清楚,对于描述文来说,谁干什么要清楚。就拿上例Goodhealth来说,第一段保持正反面要清楚救应这样写:正面(Withgoodhealth,wecan...),反面(Withoutgoodhealth,’tdo...)
为了使文章更具有条理性,我们可以用first(ly)second(ly)third(ly)等副词,他们可以是文章的条例性更加突出。作文是主观题,想得告分就必须引起老师的主意,老师的时间很短(每篇作文只有一两分钟就要阅完),所以我们在列调试最好不用:Tobewith,...afterthat,then,...Thenext,...Thefollowing,...Aslast...。因为用这样的词语不利于老师看出你作文的条理性。
四保证作文符合字数要求的十二句作文法
考生一般都希望作文达到字数而又不至于写得太多,因为写得太多一方面暴露自己语言上的弱点,另一方面又会占用过多的时间。写得太多还易跑题,一个有效的方法就是十二句作文法。
我们知道,四级作文都是三段式。我们算一下,如果我们在每一段中写上四句,即主题句加两三句扩展句和一个结论句就可以了。这样全篇在十二句左右,每一句十多个词,就又120-150个字。大家可以试图找一些作文题练一练。
文章的结构
n一个完整的段落包括三部分:主题句,推展句和结论句。
n一篇完整的四级作文包括三部分:引言,正文和结论。又称:三段论。
n因此,可以说,文章是段落的扩展,段落是文章的压缩。
文章的结构
十二句作文法
n具体地说,四级作文实际是一个十二句话短文(十二句作文法)
n引言段三句或四句话:开头句+主题句(中心思想句+承上启下的组织句)
n正文段四或五句话:主题句+三个扩(推)展句
n结论段四句或三句话:主题句+扩(推)展句+结论句
Example
nLosingWeight
n1)减肥已成为时尚。
n2)人们热衷于减肥的原因。
n3)减肥的有效方法。
n1)2sentences
n2)4sentences
n3)4sentences
LosingWeight
n1)Nowadays,manypeopleareverymuchworriedaboutbeingoverweight.2)Andpeople,theyoungandwomeninparticular,aretryingvariouswaystoloseweight.
n3)Therearemanyreasonswhymoreandmorepeopleareconcernedaboutlosingweight.4)Tobeginwith,theyareallawareofthedangerofbeingoverweight,whichmayleadtomanydiseasessuchashyper-tension,diabetesandheartattacks.5)Secondly,morepeoplehavebecomeconcernedabouttheirshapeandtheywanttoappearenergeticandyoung.6)What’smore,losingweightcanhelpthemfeelmentallyhealthierandbuilduptheirself-esteem.
n7)Therearedifferentmeansthroughwhichpeoplecanachievetheirgoaloflosingweight.8)Firstofall,someofthepeoplewhowanttoremovetheirfateatlessoreatnothing.9)Besides,theytakeweight-reducingdrugs.10)Butthemosteffectiveandhealthywaytoloseweightistotakeproperexercises.
文章开头写作的两点原则
n要紧扣文章标题,即开头点题。
n要能顺利地引出下文,和下文(文章中间部分——正文)的内容相联系,引发读者兴趣,使人想读下去。
引言段的常用写作方法
n提问式
n引用名言谚语法
n话题式\/现象法
1.提问式
n以提问开头,激发读者兴趣,可自问自答,自然而然地引出下文。
nWhatisessentialforhappiness?Ourworldisabigworld,inion,happinessliesintheservicethatyougiveotherpeople.
此种开头段的构成
n这种开头段的构成方法如下:
n问题+答案(过渡句+提供答案的进一步论述)+中心思想句
常用句型,常见写法
nWhatis…?Haveyouever…?
nHaveyouevertakenapart-timejob?Whataretheadvantagesofcollegestudents’doingpart-timejobs?Astothisquestions,differentstudentsmayholdtotallydifferentideas.
Somestudentstaketvethefollowingreasons….Onthecontrary,therearestillotherswhodisapproveofstudents’vetheirownreasonsagainstit.
2.引用名言谚语法
n引用名人名言或谚语,俗语等,这些语句常具有权威性或为大家所公认,引用在文章中有一定的说服力。
n“Ofalltreasures”,saysanancientsaint,“knowledgeisthemostprecious,foritcanneitherbestolen,givenaway,norconsumed,”Fromthat,wecanseethegreatimportanceofeducation.
nShakespearesaid:“Onewhoisunhappycannevergetabeneficialresult.”Thatistosay,happinessisveryimportantinourlife.
nFrancisBacononcesaid,“Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested.”Perhapsthisisthebestadviceonhowtoread.
此种开头段的构成
n引用的谚语或名言+意义+主题(中心思想)
nThereisanoldEnglishsayingwhichgoes“Nopains,nogains.”rwords,diligenceisakeyfactortosuccess.
话题式\/现象法
nWiththerapiddevelopmentofsociety\/modernlife\/scienceandtechnology\/people’slivingstandard,anincreasingnumberofpeoplehavebecomeawareoftheimportanceof…
nRecently,theissueof…hasbecomeincreasinglycontroversial.
nNowadays,alargenumberofstudentshavebecomeconcernedabout…
分析下列开头段落的写法
nShouldcollegestudentskeeppart-timejobswhiletheyareinschool?Thisisaverycontroversialtopicanditbringsaboutmanyheateddiscussions.
结语:在平平淡淡的日常中,大家都有写作文的经历,对作文很是熟悉吧,作文一定要做到主题集中,围绕同一主题作深入阐述,切忌东拉西扯,主题涣散甚至无主题。为了让您在写《英语四级备考必看—评分标准》时更加简单方便,下面是小编整理的《英语四级备考必看—评分标准》,仅供参考,大家一起来看看《英语四级备考必看—评分标准》吧